Rules of superimposition: >, >>, -K, -O
Many of reasons which cannot create a eps file are your miswriting signs.
- In the first command line, > should be used for specifying output file.
- After second command line, >> should be used for specifying output file.
- In the first command line, -K should be used.
- After second command line, both -K and -O should be used.
- In final command line, only -O should be used.
set fig=fig_out.eps psbasemap ........ -K > %fig% psxy ............. -K -O >> %fig% psxy ............. -K -O >> %fig% ・・・・・ ・・・・・ pstext ............. -K -O >> %fig% pstext ............. -O >> %fig%
If you want to use '-K -O' for all command lines except first and final lines, following command is available.
echo 0 0 | psxy -R -J -Sp -O >> %fig%
Above command is to make one point on the origin. I think this doesn't prevent your work.
-P
This argument -P is used to change the style of paper from landscape to portrait. Default is landscape. If you don't use -P, you don't have problem using 'gsview.' However, in case of changing image format from eps to png, you have to rotate the image by 90 degree.
-N
-N is a argument which is able to draw the symbol or text at out of graph area. However, data existing out of graph area is drawn if -N is used.
-H
-H is a argument to specify the header record in the input file. If -H2 is used, first and second rows are considered as header line and GMT reads data from 3rd row of input data file. If -H is not used, GMT reads data from first row of input data file.
-:
-: is a argument to change the order of data input. In default state, GMT reads data with the order of x (horizontal) and y (vertical). If -: is used, GMT reads data with the order of y (vertical) and x (horizontal).
In the case of earth coordinates, default order is (longitude, latitude). When -: is used, GMT consideres the order of data is (latitude, longitude).
-X, -Y
-X and -Y are arguments to set the coordinates for plot origin on the paper. Default values are specified in 'gmtdefaults' as 'X_ORIGIN' and 'Y_ORIGIN.' Thier values are both 2.5cm. This is available in the case of making multiple graphs.
-U
-U is a argument to draw the time stamp of GMT at left bottom on the graph. If strings are specified after -U like -Utext, specified text is drawn after the time stamp of GMT.
Specifying pen attributes using -W (psxy)
Sample commands
gawk "BEGIN{FS=\",\"}{if(568<=NR&&NR<=610)print $2,$5*1000}" %inp_1% | psxy -R -J -B -W5t15_5_5_5:0 -P -O -K >> %fig_out%
gawk "BEGIN{FS=\",\"}{if(568<=NR&&NR<=610)print $2,$5*1000}" %inp_2% | psxy -R -J -B -W5t10_10:0 -P -O -K >> %fig_out%
gawk "BEGIN{FS=\",\"}{if(568<=NR&&NR<=610)print $2,$5*1000}" %inp_3% | psxy -R -J -B -W5t5_5:0 -P -O -K >> %fig_out%
gawk "BEGIN{FS=\",\"}{if(568<=NR&&NR<=610)print $2,$5*1000}" %inp_4% | psxy -R -J -B -W5 -P -O -K >> %fig_out%
-W can specify the line type.
In above case, gawk reads data from input data file 'inp_1' and pass data to GMT.
| -W5 | Solid line with the width of 5 |
| -W5t10_10:0 | Broken line with the width of 5 |
| -W5t5_5:0 | Dotted line with the width of 5 |
| -W5t15_5_5_5:0 | Dashed line with the width of 5 |
Followings are sample of simple specifying.
| -W5,- | Broken line with the width of 5 |
| -W5,. | Dotted line with the width of 5 |
| -W5,-. | Dashed line with the width of 5 |
Drawing solid line and arrow using -SvS (psxy)
Explanation
- In the case of small 'v,' positive direction of angle in degrees is counter-clockwise from horizontal.
- In case of capital 'V,' positive direction of angle in degrees is clockwise from 0-oclock direction (vertical).
- 4 values are necessary as input data. The input data format is shown below.
x y angle length
x x-coordinate (longitude) y y-coordinate (latitude) angle angle in degrees length length of the vector - Parameter 't,b,h' can be used. They define the relationship between specified coordinates and the point in vector. Default is 't'
t: tail Coordinates specified coinside the starting point of the vector b: balance Coordinates specified coinside the center point of the evector h: head Coordinates specified coinside the ending point of the vector - If 's' (-Svs) is specified instead of 't,b,h', input data is changed to 4 coordinates values from angle and length input.
The input data format is shown below.
x1 y1 x2 y2
x1 x-coordinate of starting point y1 y-coordinate of starting point x2 x-coordinate of ending point y2 y-coordinate of ending point - Although default is single head, uppse case 'T, B, H, S' will draw a double-headed arrow.
- In case that some values are specified after -Svt like '-Svt0.01/0.2/0.1', the shape of vector can be changed.
- The shape of vector is defined using the format of 'arrowwidth/headlength/headwidth'
- Default of these data is '0.075cm/0.3cm/0.25cm'
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Batch file for above drawings are shown below.
set fig=fig_arrow1.eps echo 0 0 90 4 | psxy -JX4/6 -R-2/2/-1/5 -Svt1/2/1 -W3 -P -K > %fig% echo 0.0 -0.3 0.5 | psxy -JX -R -Sp -Ex -W1 -P -K -O >> %fig% echo 0.5 4.3 0.5 | psxy -JX -R -Sp -Ex -W1 -P -K -O >> %fig% echo 1.3 3.0 1.0 | psxy -JX -R -Sp -Ey -W1 -P -K -O >> %fig% echo 0.0 -0.6 12 0 0 CM arrowwidth | pstext -R -J -N -P -K -O >> %fig% echo 1.6 3.0 12 90 0 CM headlength | pstext -R -J -N -P -K -O >> %fig% echo 0.5 4.6 12 0 0 CM headwidth | pstext -R -J -N -P -O >> %fig% set fig=fig_arrow2.eps gmtset VECTOR_SHAPE=-3 echo -3 0 0 1 | psxy -JX8/3 -R-4/4/-2/1 -SVb -P -K > %fig% echo -3 -1 10 0 0 MC -3 | pstext -R -J -N -K -O >> %fig% gmtset VECTOR_SHAPE=-2 echo -2 0 0 1 | psxy -J -R -SVb -P -K -O >> %fig% echo -2 -1 10 0 0 MC -2 | pstext -R -J -N -K -O >> %fig% gmtset VECTOR_SHAPE=-1 echo -1 0 0 1 | psxy -J -R -SVb -P -K -O >> %fig% echo -1 -1 10 0 0 MC -1 | pstext -R -J -N -K -O >> %fig% gmtset VECTOR_SHAPE=0 echo 0 0 0 1 | psxy -J -R -SVb -P -K -O >> %fig% echo 0 -1 10 0 0 MC 0 | pstext -R -J -N -K -O >> %fig% gmtset VECTOR_SHAPE=1 echo 1 0 0 1 | psxy -J -R -SVb -P -K -O >> %fig% echo 1 -1 10 0 0 MC 1 | pstext -R -J -N -K -O >> %fig% gmtset VECTOR_SHAPE=2 echo 2 0 0 1 | psxy -J -R -SVb -P -K -O >> %fig% echo 2 -1 10 0 0 MC 2 | pstext -R -J -N -K -O >> %fig% gmtset VECTOR_SHAPE=3 echo 3 0 0 1 | psxy -JX -R-4/4/-2/1 -SVb -P -K -O >> %fig% echo 3 -1 10 0 0 MC 3 | pstext -R -J -N -K -O >> %fig% rem echo 0 -1.5 10 0 0 MC VECTOR_SHAPE | pstext -R -J -N -O >> %fig%
Sample commands
gmtset VECTOR_SHAPE 1 echo 2.50 1.7 2.50 -0.6 | psxy -R -J -SvS0.005/0.0/0.0 -G0 -O -K >> %fig_out% echo -2.50 -0.5 2.50 -0.5 | psxy -R -J -SvS0.005/0.2/0.1 -G0 -O -K >> %fig_out%
-SvS can specify the simple line without arrow head and arrow (with arrow head).
In above sample, input data is set using 'echo' and passed to 'psxy' using pipe function of command prompt.
- gmtset VECTOR_SHAPE 1: change the arrow shape from default to No.1 shape
- -SvS: Vector is defined using the coordinate of start point and end point. Arrow has double heads.
- The detail of arrow shape is defined using 'arrowwidth/headlength/headwidth'
- 0.005/0.0/0.0 : a line with the width of 0.005cm, no arrow head
- 0.005/0.2/0.1 : a arrow with the line width of 0.005cm, length of arrow head 0.2cm, width of arrow head 0.1cm
- -Svs means single arrow head.
Plot data format (psxy)
Sample commands
set inp_dat=inp_dat1.txt set fig_out=fig_out1.eps .......... psxy %inp_dat% -R -JX -SC0.2 -G0 -N -O >> %fig_out%
-SC0.2 draws a circle with the diameter of 0.2cm.
In above sample, input file name 'inp_dat1.txt' and output image filename 'fig_out1.eps' are set using 'set' before GMT commands.
Input data column format (2 columns)
x y
| x | x-coordinate (longitude) |
| y | y-coordinate (latitude) |
Drawing error bar in y-direction (psxy)
sample commands
set inp_dat=inp_dat1.txt set fig_out=fig_out1.eps .......... psxy %inp_dat% -R -JX -SC0.2 -G0 -Ey -N -O >> %fig_out%
A circle with the diameter of 0.2cm is drawn by -SC0.2 and error bar is drawn by -Ey. The inputted length of error bar means only one-side.
Input data column format (3 columns)
x y ey
| x | x-coordinate (longitude) |
| y | y-coordinate (latitude) |
| ey | error bar length in y-direction |
Drawing error bars in x and y-directions (psxy)
Sample commands
set inp_dat=inp_dat1.txt set fig_out=fig_out1.eps .......... psxy %inp_dat% -R -JX -SC0.2 -G0 -Ex -Ey -N -O >> %fig_out%
A circle with the diameter of 0.2cm is drawn by -SC0.2 and error bars in x-direction and y-direction are drawn by -Ex -Ey.
Input data column format (4 columns)
x y ex ey
| x | x-coordinate (longitude) |
| y | y-coordinate (latitude) |
| ex | error bar length in x-direction |
| ey | error bar length in y-direction |
Changing plot size (psxy)
Sample commands
set inp_dat=inp_dat1.txt set fig_out=fig_out1.eps .......... psxy %inp_dat% -R -JX -SC -G255 -W3 -N -O >> %fig_out%
In -SC, plot size is not specified. Plot size is specified in input data file.
Input data column format (3 columns)
x y z
| x | x-coordinate (longitude) |
| y | y-coordinate (latitude) |
| z | plot size |
Changing plot color (psxy)
Sample commands
set inp_dat=inp_dat1.txt set fig_out=fig_out1.eps .......... psxy %inp_dat% -R -JX -SC0.5 -Cinp_wg_34cpt.cpt -N -O >> %fig_out%
A circle with the diameter of 0.5cm by -SC0.5 and color pallet filename is specified by -C. Plot color is defined based on the inputted z-value. If inputted z-value is between z1 and z2 specified in color pallet file, plot color is defined as the related RGB value defined in color pallet file.
Input data column format (3 columns)
x y z
| x | x-coordinate (longitude) |
| y | y-coordinate (latitude) |
| z | z-value related to color |
Basic format of color pallet file
z1 R1 G1 B1 z2 R2 G2 B2 0 0 0 0 20 0 0 0 20 255 0 0 40 255 0 0 40 0 255 0 60 0 255 0 60 0 0 255 80 0 0 255 80 255 0 255 100 255 0 255
Expression of color by RGB
| Color | R | G | B |
|---|---|---|---|
| Black | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Red | 255 | 0 | 0 |
| Lime | 0 | 255 | 0 |
| Blue | 0 | 0 | 255 |
| Yellow | 255 | 255 | 0 |
| Fuchsia | 255 | 0 | 255 |
| Aqua | 0 | 255 | 255 |
| White | 255 | 255 | 255 |
Changing plot color and size (psxy)
Sample commands
set inp_dat=inp_dat1.txt set fig_out=fig_out1.eps .......... psxy %inp_dat% -R -JX -SC -Cinp_wg_34cpt.cpt -N -O >> %fig_out%
Plot size is not specified in -SC, and plot size and plot color are specified based on inputted data of za and zb. Color pallet file is required to specify the color and it is specified using -C.
Input data column format (4 columns)
x y za zb
| x | x-coordinate (longitude) |
| y | y-coordinate (latitude) |
| za | z-value related to color |
| zb | plot size |
-m (psxy)
It becomes possible to input multi data which is drawn using same linetype by '-m' option in the command of 'psxy.' The first row of data file shall be '>' and separator of data set shall be '>'
Sample data
sample data is shown in below. This data indicates 2 lines and they are drawn with same line type.
> 0.000 -2600.000 0.000 2500.000 > -2600.000 0.000 3300.000 0.000
Drawing text (pstext)
Sample commands
echo 0.02 0.85 8 0 0 TL text | pstext -R0/1/0/1 -JX8/4 -N -K -O >> %fig_out%
Text (string) is draw by 'pstext' command. Font No.0 means 'Helvetica.'
Input data column format (7 columns)
x y size angle fontno justify text
| x | x-coordinate (longitude) |
| y | y-coordinate (latitude) |
| size | font size in points |
| angle | angle measured counterclockwise (rotation angle of string) |
| fontno | font number |
| justify | the point on the text-string that should correspond to the given x, y location |
| text | text string or sentence |
Strings for justify are shown below.
| TL(top-left) | TC(top-center) | TR(top-right) |
| ML(middle-left) | MC(middle-center) | MR(middle-right) |
| BL(bottom-left) | BC(bottom-center) | BR(bottom-right) |
Mark up characters for symbol, superscript, subscript etc. are shown below.
| Code | Effect |
|---|---|
| @~ | Turns symbol font (Greek character) on or off |
| @+ | Turns superscript on or off |
| @- | Turns subscript on or off |
| @# | Turns small caps on or off |
| @_ | Turns underline on or off |
| @%fontno% | Switches to another font; @%% resets to previous font |
| @:size: | Switches to another font size; @:: resets to previous size |
| @;color; | Switches to another font color; @;; resets to previous color |
| @! | Creates one composite character of the next two characters |
| @@ | Prints the @ sign itself |
Relationship between Alphabet and Greek characters is shown below.
Use of minmax
Sample input data
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Usage
minmax test1.txt > out.txt minmax test2.txt >> out.txt minmax test5.txt >> out.txt
'test1.txt', 'test2.txt' and 'test5.txt' are input data file, and 'out.txt' is output file.
Output sample
test1.txt: N = 5 <0.1/0.5> test2.txt: N = 5 <1/5> <10/50> test5.txt: N = 5 <1/5> <10/50> <100/500> <1000/5000> <10000/50000>
Format of result is shown below.
filename: N = nd <min/max> ... <min/max>
| filename | input filename |
| nd | number of data row |
| min | minimum value od the column |
| max | maximum value of the column |